Kolkata Knight Riders - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2224 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/09/21 Category Advertising Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? Kolkata Knight Riders (Bengali: ) (often abbreviated as KKR) is the franchise representing Kolkata in the Indian Premier League, a Twenty20 cricket tournament. The team is led by Sourav Ganguly, and coached by Dav Whatmore. Sourav Ganguly is the teams Icon Player. The official theme of the team is Korbo, Lorbo, Jeetbo Re (Bengali for We will do it, Fight for it, Win it) and the official colors are purple and gold. As per the recent study done by a UK based brand valuation company, Kolkata Knight Riders (KKR) are ranked as the second most valuable franchise brand at US$46 million. 1] Celebrity co-owner Shahrukh Khan’s hard-selling of the KKR brand has counteracted the team’s poor on-field performance. [2] They are the only team to have never made the semi-finals. Kolkata Knight Riders is one the 8 franchise teams taking part in the Indian Premier League. It was bought by Bollywood actor Shahrukh Khans Red Chillies Entertainment in partnership with Juhi Chawla Mehta and her husband Jay Mehta. [edit] 2008 IPL Season [edit] Performance The Kolkata Knight Riders had a good beginning to the season by winning their first two matches against Royal Challengers Bangalore and Deccan Chargers. Kolkata Knight Riders opening batsman Brendon McCullum scored 158 runs in the first match, which is a record for the highest runs ever scored by a batsman in a Twenty-20 match. [3] However, the team started experiencing failures and lost consecutive four matches. The team managed to stage a comeback of sorts by winning next three matches based on strong performances by Sourav Ganguly and Shoaib Akhtar. But their performance dipped again and lost next three matches, which included their match against Mumbai Indians, in which they were bowled out for 67 runs, the lowest score by a team in IPL 2008 season. 4] When their match against Delhi Daredevils was washed out due to rain, they lost any chance of making it to the semifinals. [5] The Knight Riders ended t heir season on a winning note by defeating Kings XI Punjab on their home ground. [edit] Controversy There were reports of a rift between Shahrukh Khan and Sourav Ganguly over various issues such as team composition, Gangulys choice of batting first in the game against Chennai Super Kings, entertainment tax being imposed for atches played at Eden Gardens (Shahrukh reportedly wanted Ganguly to speak to the West Bengal Chief Minister, Buddhadeb Bhattacharya about it, which was refused by Ganguly). [6] It was also reported that Shahrukh Khan bestowed more powers to John Buchanan including giving him full powers to select the team for the following year which was not liked by Ganguly. [6] However, the team management issued a statement that the reports of a possible rift are untrue. [7] Shahrukh Khan was further barred by the International Cricket Council Anti-Corruption Unit from entering the dressing room of the team when matches were in progress. Shahrukh Khan then issued a stateme nt that he would be boycotting the remaining matches of the IPL till the code of conduct was clarified by the IPL authorities. [8] There were also speculations that Kolkata Knight Riders will shift its base from Kolkata to Ahmedabad because of the money demanded by the C. A. B. But after a meeting with Jagmohan Dalmiya, Shah Rukh Khan assured everyone that his team will stay in Kolkata. [edit] Financial Financially, the Kolkata Knight Riders were easily the most successful franchise in the IPL, achieving a profit of Rs. 13 crore. 9] [edit] 2009 IPL Season [edit] Players Kolkata Knight Riders was among the least active franchises during the offseason, with no player trades. However, the team signed Mohnish Parmar during the offseason and also re-signed Ajantha Mendis to a long term deal. The most notable personnel move for Knight Riders came during the 2009 IPL Auction, where the team signed Bangladesh fast bowler Mashrafe Mortaza. [edit] Controversy The rift between Sourav Ganguly a nd Shahrukh Khan took a new turn as Ganguly was removed from the captaincy in the 11th hour and replaced by Brendon McCullum. Rumours are that John Buchanan wanted Ganguly out. First, he floated a series of theories discussing multiple-captains before Ganguly was removed. Soon thereafter, a blog popped up on the web whose author is an anonymous blogger, who claims to be a member of the team and seems determined to reveal every team secret, warts and all. The posts describe what the blogger claims are team meetings, arguments between staff and team members, post-match parties and pre-match strategy. [10] [edit] Cheer Leaders They were the first team in IPL to select their cheer leaders by a talent hunt show called Knights and Angels, judged by Sourav Ganguly and Guest Star and hosted by Bollywood actor Purab Kohli. However, the winning team did not get a chance to perform at games during the 2009 season since local authorities only allowed South African cheerleaders to be used. [edit] Livery KKR Merchandise The logo of the team consists of a blazing golden Viking helmet against a black background with the name of the team Kolkata Knight Riders written in gold. The main theme of the team Korbo, Lorbo, Jitbo Re (We will do it, Fight for it, Win it) has been created by Vishal-Shekhar duo. [11] A Knight Rider album with several singers and music composers including Usha Uthup and Bappi Lahiri will also be created. [12] The tag line of the team is All the Kings Men. [11] The teams official colours are purple and gold. The jersey was created by Bollywood fashion designer Manish Malhotra. [11] The team also has a mascot named Hoog Lee, who is a lazy Royal Bengal Tiger and loves to eat burgers. The name is a pun on the river Hooghly. The name Knight Riders has been chosen keeping in view the kids and the youth. [11] [edit] Players A group of men standing, wearing black t-shirts and blue faded jeans. All of them are looking to the left of the image. The back drop has alternate black and green boxes. Captain Ganguly with other cricketers of the Kolkata Knight Riders team during IPL 2009. Sourav Ganguly, the former captain of the Indian cricket team is the icon player and led the Kolkata franchise. The team also includes all rounders Chris Gayle, David Hussey, Laxmi Ratan Shukla, Angelo Mathews, wicket keeper batsmen Brendon McCullum, Wriddhiman Saha. The main bowlers are Shane Bond, Ishant Sharma, Ashok Dinda, Ajit Agarkar and Murali Karthik. Australian batsman Bradley Hodge and Sri Lankan bowler Ajantha Mendis were bought outside IPL Auction on 2008. On IPL Auction 2009 Team bought Bangladeshi All-Rounder Mashrafe Mortaza. Team also includes Charl Langeveldt who was signed outside of Auction. Due to unavailability of Pakistani players in 2009 KKR had to suspend contract of key performer from the 2008 season Umar Gul. 13][14] On 26 April 2009, KKR administration sent back two of its players Akash Chopra and Sanjay Bangar on the premis es of poor performance. But there was high media speculation that one or both of them have been caught or strongly suspected of being the Fake IPL Player responsible for the blog which had been creating ripples with inside information on KKR team. Shane Bond is the latest KKR acquisition after releasing Ricky Ponting, Morne van Wyk, Umar Gul, Salman Butt, Mohammed Hafeez, Shoaib Akhtar for IPL III. Moises Henriques was traded to Delhi in return for Owais Shah and Manoj Tiwary. Their international players for the 2010 season are Shane Bond, Mashrafe Mortaza, Brendon McCullum, Charl Langeveldt, Ajantha Mendis, Angelo Mathews, Brad Hodge, David Hussey, Owais Shah Chris Gayle. [edit] Current squad THE KNIGHTS view †¢ talk †¢ edit Batsmen * 03 England Owais Shah * 09 India Manoj Tiwary * 18 Australia Brad Hodge * 25 India Cheteshwar Pujara * India Abbas Ali * India Harsh Khadiwale * India Chirag Pathak All Rounders * 01 India Sourav Ganguly (C) * 06 India Laxmi Ratan Sh ukla * 08 Australia David Hussey * 10 India Mandeep Singh * 27 India Rohan Gavaskar 45 Jamaica Chris Gayle * 69 Sri Lanka Angelo Mathews * India Ganapathi Vignesh * India Harpreet Singh Wicket Keepers * 33 India Wriddhiman Saha * 42 New Zealand Brendon McCullum Bowlers * 02 India Ashok Dinda * 11 India Murali Kartik * 13 India Ajit Agarkar * 19 India Iqbal Abdullah * 29 India Ishant Sharma * 34 New Zealand Shane Bond * 40 Sri Lanka Ajantha Mendis * 40 Bangladesh Mashrafe Bin Mortaza * 67 South Africa Charl Langeveldt * India Eklakh Ahmed * India Varun Aaron * India Mohnish Parmar * India Jaydeb Unadkat Support Staff * Head Coach: AustraliaDav Whatmore Assistant Coach: IndiaVijay Dahiya * Bowling Consultant: Pakistan Wasim Akram * Physiotherapist: Australia Andrew Leipus * Physical Trainer: Adrian Le Roux Former Players * Pakistan Umar Gul * Pakistan Salman Butt * Pakistan Mohammad Hafeez * Pakistan Shoaib Akhtar * Zimbabwe Tatenda Taibu * Australia Ricky Ponting * Australia Mo ises Henriques * South Africa Morne van Wyk * India Akash Chopra * India Sanjay Bangar From the Website * Squad * Coaching Staff * Team Blogs * Cricket Corner [edit] Administration * Owners Shahrukh Khan, Juhi Chawla Jai Mehta (Red Chillies Entertainment Pvt. Ltd. * CEO — Joy Bhattacharya[15] [edit] Fixtures and results [edit] Overall results Summary of results Wins Losses No Result % Win Position 2008 6 7 1 45% 6 2009 3 10 1 21% 8 2010 7 7 0 50% 6[16] Total 16 24 2 40% [edit] 2008 season Kolkata Knight Riders IPL Fixtures No. Date Opponent Venue Result 1 18 April Royal Challengers Bangalore Bangalore Won by 140 runs, MoM New Zealand Brendon McCullum – 158* (73) 2 20 April Deccan Chargers Kolkata Won by 5 wickets, MoM – Australia David Hussey – 38* 3 26 April Chennai Super Kings Chennai Lost by 9 wickets 4 29 April Mumbai Indians Kolkata Lost by 7 wickets 1 May Rajasthan Royals Jaipur Lost by 45 runs 6 3 May Kings XI Punjab Mohali Lost by 9 runs 7 8 Ma y Royal Challengers Bangalore Kolkata Won by 5 runs, MoM – India Sourav Ganguly – 20 (22) and 1/7 (3 overs) 8 11 May Deccan Chargers Hyderabad Won by 23 runs, MoM – India Sourav Ganguly – 91 (57), 2/25 (4 overs) and 2 catches 9 13 May Delhi Daredevils Kolkata Won by 23 runs, MoM – Pakistan Shoaib Akhtar – 4/11 (3 overs) 10 16 May Mumbai Indians Mumbai Lost by 8 wickets 11 18 May Chennai Super Kings Kolkata Lost by 3 runs (decided by D/L method due to rain interruption) 12 20 May Rajasthan Royals Kolkata Lost by 6 wickets 3 22 May Delhi Daredevils Delhi Match abandoned due to rain 14 25 May Kings XI Punjab Kolkata Won by 3 wickets, MoM – Pakistan Umar Gul – 4/23 (4 overs) and 24 (11) [edit] 2009 season Kolkata Knight Riders IPL2 Fixtures Date Opponent Venue Result 19 April Deccan Chargers Cape Town Lost by 8 wickets 21 April Kings XI Punjab Durban Won by 11 runs (D/L Method), MoM – West Indies Cricket Board Chris Gayle â €“ 44* (26) 23 April Rajasthan Royals Port Elizabeth Lost by 3 runs in Super Over 25 April Chennai Super Kings Cape Town Match abandoned due to intermittent rain 27 April Mumbai Indians Port Elizabeth Lost by 92 runs 29 April Royal Challengers Bangalore Durban Lost by 5 wickets 1 May Mumbai Indians Durban Lost by 9 runs 3 May Kings XI Punjab East London Lost by 6 wickets 5 May Delhi Daredevils Durban Lost by 9 wickets 10 May Delhi Daredevils Johannesburg Lost by 7 Wickets 12 May Royal Challengers Bangalore Pretoria Lost by 6 wickets 16 May Deccan Chargers Port Elizabeth Lost by 6 wickets 18 May Chennai Super Kings Pretoria Won by 7 wickets MoM- Australia Bradley Hodge 71*(44) 20 May Rajasthan Royals Durban Won by 4 wickets MoM- India Laxmi Shukla 48*(46) [edit] 2010 season Kolkata Knight Riders IPL2 Fixtures Date Opponent Venue Result 12 March Deccan Chargers Navi Mumbai Won by 11 runs MoM- Sri Lanka Angelo Mathews 65*(46) 14 March Royal Challengers Bangalore Kolkata Won b y 7 wickets MoM- India Manoj Tiwary 50(29) 16 March Chennai Super Kings Kolkata Lost by 55 runs 20 March Rajasthan Royals Ahmedabad Lost by 34 runs 22 March Mumbai Indians Mumbai Lost by 7 wickets 27 March Kings XI Punjab Mohali Won by 39 Runs MoM- India Manoj Tiwary 75(47) 29 March Delhi Daredevils Delhi Lost by 40 Runs April Deccan Chargers Kolkata Won by 24 Runs MoM- India Sourav Ganguly 88(54) 4 April Kings XI Punjab Kolkata Lost by 8 wickets 7 April Delhi Daredevils Kolkata Won by 14 runs MoM- India Sourav Ganguly 56 (46) 10 April Royal Challengers Bangalore Bangalore Lost by 7 wickets 13 April Chennai Super Kings Chennai Lost by 9 wickets 17 April Rajasthan Royals Kolkata Won by 8 wickets MoM- India Jaydev Unadkat (3/26) 19 April Mumbai Indians Kolkata Won by 9 wickets MoM- India Murali Kartik( 2 catches and 2 wickets ) [edit] References 1. ^ Brand IPL touches the sky . ^ Kolkata Knight Riders is richest in IPL. brandfinance. com. https://www. brandfinance. com/Uploads/pdfs/JB IPL070509. pdf. Retrieved 2008-05-11. 3. ^ McCullums record 158 leads rout. Cricinfo. com. https://content-www. cricinfo. com/ci/content/story/346913. html. Retrieved 2008-05-23. 4. ^ Mumbai Indians v Kolkata Knight Riders, IPL, Mumbai. Cricinfo. com. https://content-www. cricinfo. com/ci/content/team/335971. html. Retrieved 2008-05-23. 5. ^ All over for Knight Riders in 2008 Post Kotla washout, even a win in last match won’t be enough. The Telegraph. https://www. telegraphindia. com/1080523/jsp/sports/story_9309469. jsp. Retrieved 2008-05-23. 6. ^ a b All is not well between SRK and Ganguly. The Economic Times. https://economictimes. indiatimes. com/PoliticsNation/Rift_between_SRK_and_Ganguly/articleshow/3058154. cms. Retrieved 2008-05-23. 7. ^ No rift between Shah Rukh and Ganguly: Knight Riders. The Hindu. https://www. hinduonnet. com/holnus/007200805211821. htm. Retrieved 2008-05-23. 8. ^ SRK says he will boycott remaining matches of IPL. Ibnlive. com. https://www. bn live. com/news/srk-says-he-will-boycott-remaining-matches-of-ipl/65781-5. html. Retrieved 2008-05-23. 9. ^ Indian Premier League 10. ^ The Fake IPL Blogger. CricketVoice. https://www. cricketvoice. com/cricketforum2/index. php/topic,19774. 0. html. Retrieved 2009-04-23. 11. ^ a b c d King Khan launches Kolkata Knight Riders. Yahoo. 2008-03-11. https://in. news. yahoo. com/ani/20080311/r_t_ani_sp/tsp-king-khan-launches-kolkata-knight-ri-61d3b88. html. Retrieved 2008-03-11. 12. ^ Kolkata Knightriders launched amidst gloom. Hindustan Times. 008-03-11. https://www. hindustantimes. com/StoryPage/StoryPage. aspx? id=0b3340dc-5dc1-4c70-8db9-6beba270e283IsCricket=trueHeadline=Kolkata+Knightriders+launched+amidst+gloom. Retrieved 2008-03-11. 13. ^ Kolkata Knight Riders Squad. Cricinfo. 2008-04-26. https://content-usa. cricinfo. com/ipl/content/squad/338088. html. Retrieved 2008-04-28. 14. ^ Hodge joins IPL for five weeks. Cricinfo. 2008-04-26. https://content-usa. cricinfo. com/ipl/content/s tory/347643. html. Retrieved 2008-04-28. 15. ^ Bull, Andy (2008-04-03). Shoaib sued by Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Kolkata Knight Riders" essay for you Create order

Musical Composers Essay - 2745 Words

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Corporate Law Accounting and Economics

Questions: 1. Explain how a partner can be sued from the operations of the partnership. Be sure to consider liability within the partnership as well as liability to outsiders.2.Will is the only director of Pizza Plus Pty Ltd (Pizza Plus) a small company which makes and sells pizzas in Australia. Wills wife Betty is a director of Dominos Australia Ltd (Dominos) which also makes and sells pizzas in Australia and has just introduced in Australia the first pizza delivery by drone. This drone delivery has been very successful. Betty is also a shareholder in her husbands company, Pizza Plus. Betty takes from Dominos secret details about the drone delivery service and the customer lists and gives them to her husband and his company, Pizza Plus. Pizza Plus uses these details and starts its drone service and sales increase greatly. A month after starting this new service one of Pizza Plus drones falls and hits Jill, a customer, on the head, causing serious injuries. Answers: 1. A partnership agreement is said to be an agreement, which is entered into by two or more persons, companies, or other entities agree to carry on a business together with an objective to earn profit. The statutory definition of partnership has been laid down under the Partnership Act of Australia. Section 4 of the statute defines partnership as a relation that exists between two or more persons who carries on a common business with the motive of earning profit as observed in the case of Cox v. Hickman. However, the relationship that subsists between an association and an incorporated company does not constitute a partnership agreement. The persons who enter into a partnership agreement are called partners (John Gimes Partnership Ltd v. Gubbins [2013]. The partners together are known as firm and the name under which the partnership business is carried on is called the firm name. The rights and duties of the partners are governed by the partnership agreement that may be verbal or a w ritten agreement (Whittaker 2016). Section 13 of the Partnership Act 1963 states the liability of the partners in a firm. The partners are jointly liable with the remaining partners in the firm for the obligations and debts of the firm that incurs while they remain as partners as stated in Polkinghorne v. Holland [1934]. The Partnership Act 1891 holds all the partners liable for the debts incurred without their authority and consent. The partners cannot transfer their ownership to another person without their consent. The partners must disclose relevant matters to the other partners. A partner is not allowed to earn personal profits or commission. A partner is restricted from utilizing the property of the firm for personal purposes. A person, who otherwise is not a partner, shall be considered as one by estoppel if that person represents him as a partner or if a third party believes and rely upon the representation (Mitchell et al. 2016). Any partner who commits a breach of the partnership agreement and their fiduciary duties shall be entitled to a legal proceeding brought against him by the other partners. A partner carrying on another firm on the same business line without the consent of the other partners, that partner shall pay to the firm all the profits earned by the other firm. Partnership agreements that includes a clause on liquidated damages and where the amount of the damages have been mentioned, the partner shall be liable to pay such stipulated amount of damages to the aggrieved partner. Section 14, 14 A, 15 and 16 of the Partnership Act stipulates that where any partner acts wrongfully during the course of the business or when the co-partners authorizes such wrongful act, any loss incurred or any injury caused to any third person, the firm is equally liable with the person committing such act (Harris, Hargovan and Adams 2013). In case a partner or the partnership firm misuses the property or money of any third person, both the firm and the partners shall be held liable. The partners of a firm are either individually or separately liable to the outsiders. Two or more partners shall be jointly liable irrespective of the individual liability. 2. The Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) lays down the following duties that the directors of a company are obligated to discharge during the course of the business: The directors are under the obligation to exercise due diligence and care that is usually exercised by any prudent person (S.180); The directors must maintain good faith; The directors must not engage in any conflicting interests; The directors are prohibited from making improper use of their positions as observed in the James Hardies case. Section 180 of the Act is one of the most essential duties to be discharged by a director of a company as observed in the case of Michael v. Mc Donalds Australia [2014]. The responsibilities, position and the experience of the Directors are some of the factors that constitute the standard of diligence and care to be exercised by the directors (Barker 2016). The directors owe certain obligations to the third parties as well. Such duties, if violated, shall make the directors personally liable for the same (Chen, Li and Zou 2016). Such duties are enumerated as below: The Competition and Consumer Act 2010 (Cth) governs the functioning of a company and regulates areas like protection of the customers, product liability and competition policies. In the event of any contravention of the statutory provisions of the Competition and the Consumer Act, the director of the company shall be held personally liable for such contravention (Corones 2014). The Australian legislation on occupational health and safety necessitates every company to ensure welfare, safety and health of the employers and the customers. The infringement of the legislation shall make the directors personally liable. However, The Directors can defend themselves if they succeed in establishing the fact that they have been exercising proper care and adequate diligence in the course of their business activities. A director of a company cannot be exempted from the liabilities that arise as a result of the Directors breach of duties. The Directors committing the breach shall not be entitled to be indemnified for the commission of such infringements in Regent Crest Plc v. Cohen and another [2001] 2 BCLC 80. However, the company may provide insurance protection to the directors from his liabilities subject to the condition that such liability has not arisen from the Directors breach of the duty of not taking undue advantage of information and the Directors position as observed in Vilsmeier v. Al Airports International Limited and Pl Power International Limited [2014] JRC 257. The Directors owe their duties to the company and such duties shall not be extended to to the individual shareholders in Re Smith and Fawcett Limited [1942] 1 ALL ER 542. In case, the Director commits an infringement of their directorial duties, the company shall become liable (Hanrahan, Ramsay and Stapledon 2013). The shareholders shall not be held liable for the breach of the directorial duties. However, any member of a company may bring legal action against the director committing breach of the duties with the prior approval of the court (Huggins, Simnett and Hargovan 2015). In the given case, Betty was a director of the Dominos Australia Ltd and her husband Will is the sole director of the Pizza Plus Pty Ltd. Betty introduced pizza delivery by drone which proved to be successful. She secretly gave the details of the drone delivery to her husband and consequently the sales of Pizza Plus Pty Ltd increased gradually. However, a customer named Jill was seriously injured because of the drone. Here, Will the director of the Pizza Plus Pty Ltd, is liable for the commission of breach of exercising the duty of care and negligence as stated under section 180(1) of the Corporations Act (Langford, Ramsay and Welsh 2015). The directors of a company must discharge their directorial duties by exercising due care and diligence that any prudent person would exercise if he were the director of the company. Now, Will relied on the information about the drone from his wife Betty who was a director of the Dominos Australia Ltd. Will failed to exercise proper care towards its customers. Section 180(2) of the Corporations Act signifies the Business Judgment Rule. The significance of the rule is that a director is considered to have fulfilled the requisites of the duty of care and negligence while making business decisions. While making the decisions the directors must make such decision for the benefit of the company. In case the director commits a breach of his duty of care and diligence, he shall be entitled to civil penalties provided under the Corporations Act. The civil penalties include fines and the director shall be entitled to pay compensatory damages. The business judgment rule is applicable only in case of the directors duty to exercise care and diligence (Varzaly 2015). Betty is a shareholder of the Pizza Plus Pty Ltd and the breach committed by Will shall not make Betty entitled to penalties or pay damages. As it is a well established law that the directors owe their duties to the company and such duties shall not be extended to the individual shareholders. In case, the Director commits a violation of their directorial duties, the company shall become liable. The shareholders shall not be held liable for the breach of the directorial duties (Hedges et al. 2016). In the mentioned case, Jill who sustained serious injuries because of the drone is entitled to bring a legal action against the company Pizza Plus Pty Ltd under the Competition and Consumer Act 2010(Cth). The directors of a company who commits a breach of the provisions laid down under the act becomes personally liable (Whish and Bailey 2015). Hence, Will being the sole Director of the company would become personally liable for failing to provide adequate consumer protection. Reference List Barker, R., 2016. The Duties and Liabilities of DirectorsGetting the Balance Right.The Handbook of Board Governance: A Comprehensive Guide for Public, Private, and Not-for-Profit Board Members, p.249. Chen, Z., Li, O.Z. and Zou, H., 2016. Directors? and officers? liability insurance and the cost of equity.Journal of Accounting and Economics,61(1), pp.100-120. Corones, S.G., 2014.Competition law in Australia. Thomson Reuters Australia, Limited. Hanrahan, P.F., Ramsay, I. and Stapledon, G.P., 2013. Commercial applications of company law. Harris, J., Hargovan, A. and Adams, M.A., 2013.Australian corporate law(Vol. 2). LexisNexis Butterworths. Hedges, J., Bird, H.L., Gilligan, G., Godwin, A. and Ramsay, I., 2016. An Empirical Analysis of Public Enforcement of Directors Duties in Australia: Preliminary Findings. Huggins, A., Simnett, R. and Hargovan, A., 2015. Integrated reporting and directors concerns about personal liability exposure: Law reform options.Company and Securities Law Journal,33, pp.176-195. Langford, R.T., Ramsay, I. and Welsh, M.A., 2015. The origins of company directors' statutory duty of care. Mitchell, R., O'Donnell, A., Marshall, S. and Ramsay, I., 2016.Law, corporate governance and partnerships at work: a study of australian regulatory style and business practice. Routledge. Varzaly, J., 2015. The Enforcement of Directors Duties in Australia: An Empirical Analysis.European Business Organization Law Review,16(2), pp.281-319. Whish, R. and Bailey, D., 2015.Competition law. Oxford University Press, USA. Whittaker, J., 2016.The law of limited liability partnerships. Bloomsbury Publishing.

Sexual Roles In Dracula Essay Example For Students

Sexual Roles In Dracula Essay Sexual Roles in DraculaWomen in Bram Stokers Dracula are primarily presented in two ways: There is the sexual being created solely with the aid Draculas vampiric influence, and the device manipulated and virtually exploited by the men throughout the novel to contribute to the fight between Dracula and Van Helsing and his companions. This battle is not only the literal battle between Dracula and the men, but it is primarily a battle for the empowerment of women, both sexually and intellectually; a fight against the constricting social boundaries which forced men and women into their respective roles. Draculas kiss enables women to become sexual penetrators. Using their sharp teeth to penetrate men, the reverse the traditional gender roles and place men in the passive position customarily reserved for women (Craft, 448). The instance when Mina drinks from Draculas breast is the strongest example of this; where the reader to this point is accustomed to Dracula doing the ?biting?, and suddenly Mina has the power to penetrate a male. Both Lucy and Mina, when they carry out a relationship with Dracula, become sexual beings, as opposed to when they are mortals and are forced to obey the social boundaries of their society. By expressing this sexuality, they become threatening to the men. Mina is intelligent, and despite the strong aversion she has to the ?New Woman? or the ?Modern Woman?, she is, in fact, a sort of modern woman; connected with modern ways, a schoolteacher with secretarial skills, she possesses a ?mans brain?. It is this very brain which is ultimately used to aid in Drac ulas downfall. Lucy, on the other hand, is presented as the temptress at the very start of the novel. Stoker presents her as exhibiting personality traits potentially dangerous in women. She is ever the tease, falling into the traditional female role more than Mina ever did. Her vanity and superficiality is shown very clearly in a letter to Mina: ?THREE proposals in one day! Isnt it awful! But, for goodness sake, dont tell any of the girls, or they would be getting all sorts of extravagant ideas and imagining themselves injured and slighted if in their very first day at home they did not get six at least. Some girls are so vain? (Stoker, 57). As a mortal, Lucy is already a sexual being- her transformation into a vampire only accentuates her seductiveness, making her a threat to the men. She becomes everything she wasnt in life; maternal, mature, cunning, sly. When the vampiric Lucy is approached by Holmwood in her tomb, his intent to destroy, she tries to seduce him (and he finds he r hard to resist), to get him to protect her from the others. In the eyes of the men, she has become a ?monster? as well, and their desire for her is manifested in their obsession with destroying her. Lucys unmanageable sexual penetration is presented as inherently evil because it threatens fixed gender distinctions (Signorottii, 623). Jonathon, Van Helsing, Seward and Holmwood are all overwhelmingly and unavoidably attracted to the vampires, and to sexuality in general. Fearing this, they both displace this attraction and justify their hostile reaction to it by projecting the attraction onto the female vampires (with the rationale that it is not themselves who want the vampires, it is the vampires who want them), and using religion to justify the murders (Roth, 415). The men refuse admit to this attraction, because what they are attracted to poses such a threat to their manhood. Vampires are allowed to show their sexuality in a much more explicit manner than the ?living?. One of the three vampire women who attempt to feed form Jonathon in Draculas castle exhibits this with surprising directness: ?He is young and strong; there are kisses for us all? (Stoker, 42). ?The vampire women offer immediate sexual gratification a tempting alternative to the socially imposed delays and frustrations of Jonathons relationship with the chaste and somewhat sexless Mina? (Wasson, 389). During Minas transformation, she becomes a much more dangerous threat to the men. Her ?mans brain? is now being used to Draculas advantage. Furthermore, Dracula is able to give his women, Mina being no exception, what Jonathon could never give; knowledge, power, sexuality, lust. Minas relationship with Dracula is the envy of Jonathon, for he is too proper and must adhere to the soc ial boundaries of the time to strictly for him to carry out such an impassioned relationship, even with his own wife. .u1c2548a422a98505d80b4da34c7232b1 , .u1c2548a422a98505d80b4da34c7232b1 .postImageUrl , .u1c2548a422a98505d80b4da34c7232b1 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u1c2548a422a98505d80b4da34c7232b1 , .u1c2548a422a98505d80b4da34c7232b1:hover , .u1c2548a422a98505d80b4da34c7232b1:visited , .u1c2548a422a98505d80b4da34c7232b1:active { border:0!important; } .u1c2548a422a98505d80b4da34c7232b1 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u1c2548a422a98505d80b4da34c7232b1 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u1c2548a422a98505d80b4da34c7232b1:active , .u1c2548a422a98505d80b4da34c7232b1:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u1c2548a422a98505d80b4da34c7232b1 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u1c2548a422a98505d80b4da34c7232b1 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u1c2548a422a98505d80b4da34c7232b1 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u1c2548a422a98505d80b4da34c7232b1 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1c2548a422a98505d80b4da34c7232b1:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u1c2548a422a98505d80b4da34c7232b1 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u1c2548a422a98505d80b4da34c7232b1 .u1c2548a422a98505d80b4da34c7232b1-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u1c2548a422a98505d80b4da34c7232b1:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Problems with Voting EssayMina is used as a tool by both Dracula and Van Helsing. Dracula uses Mina as a link to the mind of England- the new territory he plans on colonizing because his parasitic existence has used up the people and land of Transylvania. Draculas best chance for survival now lies in the West, where technology, reason, and progressive democratic ideals prevail. Minas skills as a teacher and her ability to type and write in shorthand give Dracula an inside link to this new territory (Wasson, 387). In fact, Draculas reason for ?expanding? into England is to create a race of female vampires equipped with masculine qualities (Craft, 448). In their quest to ext erminate Dracula, Mina becomes the intermediary link to Van Helsing and the other men. Van Helsing uses her by hypnotizes her to gain access to Draculas mind and find his weaknesses. She tells Van Helsing that ?you can hypnotize me and so learn that which even I myself to not know? (Stoker, 284?). Mina and Draculas psychic bond is exploited by Draculas ultimate destroyers to attain their goal of both eliminating Dracula- this creature who has sexually liberated ?their? women- and saving Mina (Signorotti, 626). Lucy is never used as such, nor is she as threatening as Mina is, mostly because Lucy never possessed the aggressive, masculine attributes that Mina did. True, Lucy has the sexual strength that Dracula wants in a companion, and both Mina and Lucy evoke the sensuality and maternity which Draculas brides do not, it is ultimately Minas intelligence, rationale, and ability to adapt to modern life that allow her to live. Lucy dies because she is a rough draft of Draculas ideal comp anion. Draculas experiment with Lucy reveals unpleasant results of a woman fighting to break free of the traditional gender roles, whereas his experiment with Mina produces a much more satisfying outcome (Signorotti, 624). Mina is viewed more as Draculas equal, and he believes this perfection has been attained. However, Dracula did not count on Minas strengths to be used against him in anyway, and is it the very ?mans brain? which attracts Dracula to Mina that causes his destruction. English Essays